The Continuing Legal Education (CLE) Department of the Toledo Bar Association provides over 70 programs and conferences annually, covering a broad range of legal education topics to not only fulfill your CLE requirements but to help grow your practice. Carefully sourced, locally grown. Select from live-in person, live-interactive webinars ... The 2021 Kiroff Bench Bar Conference titled "AI, Technology and the Future of the Legal Profession: Are You Prepared?" will feature presentations by Joshua Walker, author of On Legal AI and Chief Product Office of Aon IPS; Chief Justice Maureen O'Connor of the Supreme Court of Ohio; The University of Toledo College of Law 's Dean Benjamin … To become a member of this association you need to fill out a membership application and pay an annual due which ranges from $50 to $305 depending on how many years the applicant has been licensed to practice law. Contact the Toledo Bar Association. 311 N. Superior St. Toledo, OH 43604-1421 Phone: (419) 242.9363 Fax: ( 419) 242.3614 tba ... The Toledo Bar Association Lawyer Referral Service provides help by connecting you to a local lawyer that can help you with your issue or case. All lawyers are in good standing with the Supreme Court of Ohio and their bar association, and are qualified to handle your specific needs. TOLEDO BAR ASSOCIATION FOUNDATION The philanthropic arm of the Toledo Bar Association, the TBAF was founded for charitable and educational purposes. For information about the Foundation and the Fellows Program, contact Brad Lagusch, Executive Director, 419-242-9363 or at [email protected] the best experience, log in to access members-only content and resources. If you are a Toledo Bar member, and you have never logged on to the website, click “Forgot Username or Password” to create your log-in credentials. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact us at [email protected] or 419-242-9363. Quick Links. MyTBA ...The Toledo Bar Association (TBA), Ohio State Bar Association, and a counter of large bar associations formed Ohio Spanish Services, LLC to meets the new demand and …If you are a Toledo Bar member, and you have never logged on to the website, click “Forgot Username or Password” to create your log-in credentials. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact us at [email protected] or 419-242-9363.If you are a Toledo Bar member, and you have never logged on to the website, click “Forgot Username or Password” to create your log-in credentials. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact us at [email protected] or 419-242-9363. An innovative divorce clinic at the Toledo Bar Association (TBA) brings together volunteer attorneys, paralegals, law students, and TBA staff to help hundreds of low-income Lucas County residents file for divorce. The Pro Se Divorce Clinic, established in 1994 and the first of its kind in the state The Toledo Bar Association Lawyer Referral Service provides help by connecting you to a local lawyer that can help you with your issue or case. All lawyers are in good standing with the Supreme Court of Ohio and their bar association, and are qualified to handle your specific needs. The Toledo Bar Association (TBA), Ohio State Bar Association, and a number of metropolitan bar associations formed Ohio Notary Services, LLC to meet the new requirements and opportunities for Ohio notaries resulting … The Toledo Bar Association sponsors over 40 committees covering practice areas, local courts, association administration and program advisory boards. This is the committee e-community center for all the TBA e-communities. To reach the specific e-communities, you must be logged in and have a membership for the corresponding committee. For the best experience, log in to access members-only content and resources. If you are a Toledo Bar member, and you have never logged on to the website, click “Forgot Username or Password” to create your log-in credentials. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact us at [email protected] or 419-242-9363. Quick Links. MyTBA ... For a complete listing of all attorneys licensed in Ohio, please visit the Court's website. The Ohio Bar Association is a voluntary professional association open to any person who has been admitted to the practice of law. We represent nearly 65 percent of Ohio law practitioners which includes paralegals and student associate members.You can reach the Toledo Bar Association's public service Lawyer Referral Service at (419) 242-9363, (419) 242-2000 or online at www.toldeobar.org. Helpful staff will interview you over the phone to determine the nature of your legal question. Area Office on AgingToledo Women's Bar Association is a 501(c)6 non-profit organization. P.O. Box 1724, Toledo, Ohio 43603-1724Toledo Bar Association. Jan 2007 - Aug 2023 16 years 8 months. Former member of the Pro Bono Advisory Board and the Notary Public Committee. I have also provided pro bono services to victims of ...Toledo Bar Association Foundation Grant Making. Thank you for your interest in funding from the Toledo Bar Association Foundation. The TBA Foundation, created in 1955, is a 501(c)(3) charitable organization and serves as the philanthropic arm of …Toledo Bar Association, Toledo, Ohio. 1,382 likes · 236 talking about this · 290 were here. The Toledo Bar Association is a professional organization for attorneys, paralegals, and law studentsIf you are a Toledo Bar member, and you have never logged on to the website, click “Forgot Username or Password” to create your log-in credentials. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact us at [email protected] or 419-242-9363.If you are a Toledo Bar member, and you have never logged on to the website, click “Forgot Username or Password” to create your log-in credentials. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact us at [email protected] or 419-242-9363. The Toledo Bar Association Foundation is the philanthropic arm of the Toledo Bar Association. The TBA Foundation was formed exclusively for charitable and educational purposes with the object of using its resources to: Aid lawyers in need. Gifts and bequests are greatly appreciated and can securely be made online here. For more information ... TOLEDO BAR ASSOCIATION FOUNDATION The philanthropic arm of the Toledo Bar Association, the TBAF was founded for charitable and educational purposes. For information about the Foundation and the Fellows Program, contact Brad Lagusch, Executive Director, 419-242-9363 or at [email protected] the best experience, log in to access members-only content and resources. If you are a Toledo Bar member, and you have never logged on to the website, click “Forgot Username or Password” to create your log-in credentials. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact us at [email protected] or 419-242-9363. Quick Links. MyTBA ...About. Mr. Dawson completed over 4 years as Bar Counsel of The Toledo Bar Association before retiring in July, 2022. He was in charge of investigating grievances and was responsible for ...The Toledo Bar Association Member Assistance Program (MAP) is a source for help for TBA members. The Toledo Bar Association understands that anyone can use a little help at some point, for difficulties from stress or marital problems to substance abuse or job burnout, which is why we offer the Member Assistance Program (MAP) through … If you are a Toledo Bar member, and you have never logged on to the website, click “Forgot Username or Password” to create your log-in credentials. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact us at [email protected] or 419-242-9363. Join us for the 85th Annual Joint Ceremony of the Toledo Bar Association, Lucas County Bar Association, Thurgood Marshall Law Association and the The Toledo Women's Bar Association as we pay ...General Information On Filing Grievances With The Toledo Bar Association. The Grievance Committee of the TBA has been authorized by the Supreme Court of Ohio to investigate grievances against lawyers who are either in Lucas County or involved in case in Lucas County. Matters which arise in other counties may be directed to the Office of ...For the best experience, log in to access members-only content and resources. If you are a Toledo Bar member, and you have never logged on to the website, click “Forgot Username or Password” to create your log-in credentials. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact us at [email protected] or 419-242-9363. Quick Links. MyTBA ...Toledo Bar Association Foundation Grant Making. Thank you for your interest in funding from the Toledo Bar Association Foundation. The TBA Foundation, created in 1955, is a 501(c)(3) charitable organization and serves as the philanthropic arm of … To become a member of this association you need to fill out a membership application and pay an annual due which ranges from $50 to $305 depending on how many years the applicant has been licensed to practice law. Contact the Toledo Bar Association. 311 N. Superior St. Toledo, OH 43604-1421 Phone: (419) 242.9363 Fax: ( 419) 242.3614 tba ... In partnership with The Blade, the 2020 Toledo Bar Association Caty Armstrong Memorial Law Day Essay Contest question has been announced. This year’s essay theme is “Your Vote, Your Voice, Our...For the best experience, log in to access members-only content and resources. If you are a Toledo Bar member, and you have never logged on to the website, click “Forgot Username or Password” to create your log-in credentials. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact us at [email protected] or 419-242-9363. Quick Links. MyTBA ...Jan 22, 2024 · Toledo Bar Association. · January 22 at 7:14 AM ·. The 2024 Toledo Bar Association Caty Armstrong Memorial Law Day Essay Contest topic has been announced! The TBA invites area students, grades 7-12, to write an essay on the topic: Voices of Democracy. Top 3 winners in each division win a cash prize! The Toledo Bar Association is a professional organization for lawyers, law students, and paralegals in Toledo, Ohio. It offers networking, education, and pro bono services to its …Legal Aid Help Line. Legal Aid Line provides FREE legal information, advice, and referrals to eligible, low-income residents of northwest and west central Ohio. All applicants must meet income guidelines to receive services. Follow this link to submit an online application for Legal Aid or call 419-724-0460. The Toledo Bar Association Grievance Committee does not accept e-mailed grievances or requests for referrals to fee arbitration. To register a grievance or a request a referral to fee arbitration, download the forms, print, sign and mail to the Toledo Bar Association, 311 N. Superior St., Toledo, OH 43604. Toledo Women's Bar Association is a 501(c)6 non-profit organization. P.O. Box 1724, Toledo, Ohio 43603-1724Andy Golding. · January 31 at 4:32 AM ·. Check out my newest podcast episode of “Toledo Works”. I speak with attorney Stevin Groth, and learn how he built his law practice, how being an entrepreneur initially slowed him down and then with focus, built him up! And he gives some practical tips on what to do if your pulled over after having ... You can reach the Toledo Bar Association's public service Lawyer Referral Service at (419) 242-9363, (419) 242-2000 or online at www.toldeobar.org. Helpful staff will interview you over the phone to determine the nature of your legal question. Activity. Created 15 years ago. Join this group for updates on The Toledo Junior Bar Association's Annual Gridiron Show--and for all the juicy gossip.All lawyers participating in the plan must be in good standing with the TBA prior to joining the retirement plan. For more details and to request a personal consultation, contact Jason Harris at Equitable Advisors via email [email protected] or call 419-705-6580. Securities offered through Equitable Advisors, LLC (NY, NY 212-314-4600 ...FacebookThe purchase agreement attached here is a standard purchase agreement between the buyer and seller, for properties located in Ohio, and is approved by both the Toledo Regional Association of Realtors and the Toledo Bar Association. Under this contract, the seller of the real estate is responsible for paying the premium for the Owners Policy …On Friday, May 5, 2023, the Toledo Bar Association (TBA) hosted area students to celebrate Law Day at the TBA in downtown Toledo. Earlier this year, area students were invited to participate in an essay writing contest focused on the American Bar Association’s (ABA) 2023 Law Day theme, “The Cornerstones of Democracy: Civics, Civility, and …Member. Liebenthal Levine Ltd. Jun 2016 - Jul 2022 6 years 2 months. Sylvania, OH. I practice primarily in the areas of employment and education law. As an employment practitioner, I represent ...For the best experience, log in to access members-only content and resources. If you are a Toledo Bar member, and you have never logged on to the website, click “Forgot Username or Password” to create your log-in credentials. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact us at [email protected] or 419-242-9363. Quick Links. MyTBA ...This morning, Joseph Dawson, Bar Counsel of the Toledo Bar Association, was recognized by The University of Toledo College of Law with the… Liked by Lisa SmallIf you are a Toledo Bar member, and you have never logged on to the website, click “Forgot Username or Password” to create your log-in credentials. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact us at [email protected] or 419-242-9363.If you are a Toledo Bar member, and you have never logged on to the website, click “Forgot Username or Password” to create your log-in credentials. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact us at [email protected] or 419-242-9363. An innovative divorce clinic at the Toledo Bar Association (TBA) brings together volunteer attorneys, paralegals, law students, and TBA staff to help hundreds of low-income Lucas County residents file for divorce. The Pro Se Divorce Clinic, established in 1994 and the first of its kind in the state The Toledo Bar Association Pro Bono Legal Services Program has many volunteer opportunities for law students to connect to the legal community. Law students can observe attorneys at Brief Advice Clinics, assist in completing court forms at Record Sealing Clinics or volunteer at any of our non-legal community service programs. The Toledo Bar Association Pro Bono Legal Services Program provides volunteer attorneys for low income individuals in a variety of legal issues in Lucas County. If you cannot afford an attorney and are low income, call 419-724-0460 or 888-534-1432 to see if you qualify for free legal help. All lawyers participating in the plan must be in good standing with the TBA prior to joining the retirement plan. For more details and to request a personal consultation, contact Jason Harris at Equitable Advisors via email [email protected] or call 419-705-6580. Securities offered through Equitable Advisors, LLC (NY, NY 212-314-4600 ... Attorney Sarah K. Skow was sworn in as 122nd President of the Toledo Bar Association for the 2022-2023 membership year on Tuesday, June 14, 2022. As partner of Spengler Nathanson, Sarah has a diverse trial and appellate practice, primarily in the areas of complex business litigation, professional malpractice defense, tort litigation, public ... FacebookShe also served as President of the Toledo Bar Association (2015-2016), as a member of the Council of Delegates of the Ohio State Bar Association, and two prior terms as a Trustee of the Ohio State Bar Foundation. Michelle was born in Springfield, Ohio. She obtained a Bachelor of Science Degree (cum laude) from Miami University in 1990.The Toledo Bar Association started in 1878 with fifty-three members, listed in a hand written ledger—names recognized today as among Toledo’s civic and industrial leaders. Unfortunately, many of those old records have been lost, but enough is known to make it clear that, through the years, members of the Association have worked to improve ...For the best experience, log in to access members-only content and resources. If you are a Toledo Bar member, and you have never logged on to the website, click “Forgot Username or Password” to create your log-in credentials. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact us at [email protected] or 419-242-9363. Quick Links. MyTBA ...The Toledo Bar Association (TBA) is pleased to announce the formation of Ohio Notary Services, LLC, (ONS) a unique partnership between the TBA and five...Toledo Bar Association, Toledo, Ohio. 1,382 likes · 236 talking about this · 290 were here. The Toledo Bar Association is a professional organization for attorneys, paralegals, and law studentsFor the best experience, log in to access members-only content and resources. If you are a Toledo Bar member, and you have never logged on to the website, click “Forgot Username or Password” to create your log-in credentials. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact us at [email protected] or 419-242-9363. Quick Links. MyTBA ...If you are a Toledo Bar member, and you have never logged on to the website, click “Forgot Username or Password” to create your log-in credentials. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact us at [email protected] or 419-242-9363. Toledo Bar Association 311 N. Superior Street Toledo, OH 43604-1421 Main: 419.242.9363 Fax: 419.242.3614 [email protected] Hours: 8:30 am – 4:30 pm. Toledo Junior Bar Association. 319 likes · 3 talking about this. For 80 years the Toledo Junior Bar Association has put on the Gridiron Show to showcase the "talent" of the local legal community.2023 Judicial Candidates Poll Results. The Toledo Bar Association announces the results of the poll taken of its members, September 13 through 27, for the upcoming judicial … Toledo Bar Association 311 N. Superior Street Toledo, OH 43604-1421 Main: 419.242.9363 Fax: 419.242.3614 [email protected] Hours: 8:30 am – 4:30 pm. Posted by: Gina Scherzer on Jul 11, 2022. The Toledo Bar Association is happy to announce and welcome Peggy Mattimoe Sturgeon as Bar Counsel. Peggy comes from a family of lawyers following the footsteps of her father and grandfather. Her brothers John (Toledo) and James (Columbus) are also attorneys. A graduate of the University of …For the best experience, log in to access members-only content and resources. If you are a Toledo Bar member, and you have never logged on to the website, click “Forgot Username or Password” to create your log-in credentials. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact us at [email protected] or 419-242-9363. Quick Links. MyTBA ...The Toledo Bar Association (TBA) is pleased to announce the formation of Ohio Notary Services, LLC, (ONS) a unique partnership between the TBA and five...If you are a local nonprofit who is facing a legal issue and your organization is unable to afford an attorney, please fill out this application for pro bono legal services and email to [email protected]. If you have questions, please contact Brandi Doniere, Director of Pro Bono, at 419-242-4763. If you are a Toledo Bar member, and you have never logged on to the website, click “Forgot Username or Password” to create your log-in credentials. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact us at [email protected] or 419-242-9363. If you are a Toledo Bar member, and you have never logged on to the website, click “Forgot Username or Password” to create your log-in credentials. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact us at [email protected] or 419-242-9363. An innovative divorce clinic at the Toledo Bar Association (TBA) brings together volunteer attorneys, paralegals, law students, and TBA staff to help hundreds of low-income Lucas County residents file for divorce. The Pro Se Divorce Clinic, established in 1994 and the first of its kind in the state The Toledo Bar Association (TBA), Ohio State Bar Association, and a number of metropolitan bar associations formed Ohio Notary Services, LLC to meet the new requirements and opportunities for Ohio notaries resulting from the Notary Modernization Act of 2019. The Toledo Bar Association (TBA) is pleased to announce the formation of Ohio Notary Services, LLC, (ONS) a unique partnership between the TBA and five... If you are a Toledo Bar member, and you have never logged on to the website, click “Forgot Username or Password” to create your log-in credentials. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact us at [email protected] or 419-242-9363. The Toledo Bar Association Grievance Committee does not accept e-mailed grievances or requests for referrals to fee arbitration. To register a grievance or a request a referral to fee arbitration, download the forms, print, sign and mail to the Toledo Bar Association, 311 N. Superior St., Toledo, OH 43604. If you are a Toledo Bar member, and you have never logged on to the website, click “Forgot Username or Password” to create your log-in credentials. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact us at [email protected] or 419-242-9363. The Toledo Bar Association (TBA) is seeking a full-time director for its Pro Bono Legal Services Program. Position Overview. The Pro Bono Program matches volunteer attorneys with eligible low ...If you are a Toledo Bar member, and you have never logged on to the website, click “Forgot Username or Password” to create your log-in credentials. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact us at [email protected] or 419-242-9363.Where Do I File a Grievance? A grievance against a judge or a magistrate must be in writing and can only be filed with either of the following organizations: Office of Disciplinary Counsel 250 Civic Center Drive, Ste. 325 Columbus, Ohio 43215-7411 Tel. 614-461-0256 or 800-589-5256 Fax: 614-461-7205. Ohio State Bar Association 1700 Lake Shore ... The Toledo Bar Association Grievance Committee does not accept e-mailed grievances or requests for referrals to fee arbitration. To register a grievance or a request a referral to fee arbitration, download the forms, print, sign and mail to the Toledo Bar Association, 311 N. Superior St., Toledo, OH 43604. If you are a Toledo Bar member, and you have never logged on to the website, click “Forgot Username or Password” to create your log-in credentials. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact us at [email protected] or 419-242-9363. The Toledo Bar Association Foundation is a proud supporter of the TBA’s Caty Armstrong Memorial Law Day Essay Contest. Each spring, students in grades 7-12 have the opportunity to write an essay on a legal topic. The 2020 theme was “Your Vote, Your Voice, Our Democracy: The 19th Amendment at 100.”Toledo Bar Association Modest Means Program. The Modest Means Program was created to help those in the community with moderate income find affordable legal assistance. The initial 30 minute in office consultation is $30.00. If you decide to hire the attorney after meeting with them, they will charge $75.00 per hour and can require a … An innovative divorce clinic at the Toledo Bar Association (TBA) brings together volunteer attorneys, paralegals, law students, and TBA staff to help hundreds of low-income Lucas County residents file for divorce. The Pro Se Divorce Clinic, established in 1994 and the first of its kind in the state Toledo Junior Bar Association. 319 likes · 3 talking about this. For 80 years the Toledo Junior Bar Association has put on the Gridiron Show to showcase the "talent" of the local legal community.
February 8, 2024. Julie Hoffman has been practicing law for over 20 years and is a regular participant in the Toledo Bar Association’s Pro Bono Program, providing legal advice and service without charge. Assisting those in Lucas and Wood Counties with family law matters, Hoffman enjoys helping to complete forms and draft documents while .... Best money making app
Don't miss the biggest live-event in the Toledo legal community. Join us next Friday, December 15th at Jamming for Justice featuring Jingle Balls at The Distillery. Proceeds and donations benefit the TBA Foundation and Neil Light Scholarship Fund. Music starts at 7pm sharp.The 2022 Toledo Bar Association Caty Armstrong Memorial Law Day Essay Contest topic has been announced! The TBA invites area students, grades 7-12, to... Toledo Bar Association · January 18, 2022 · ...If you are a Toledo Bar member, and you have never logged on to the website, click “Forgot Username or Password” to create your log-in credentials. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact us at [email protected] or 419-242-9363.The TBA invites area students, grades 7 through 12, to participate in the 2023 Toledo Bar Association Caty Armstrong Memorial Law Day Essay Contest. Cash prizes for each division available! Write an essay on the topic: The Cornerstones of Democracy: Civics, Civility and Collaboration. We invite all the people of the United States to join us …If you are a local nonprofit who is facing a legal issue and your organization is unable to afford an attorney, please fill out this application for pro bono legal services and email to [email protected]. If you have questions, please contact Brandi Doniere, Director of Pro Bono, at 419-242-4763.The Toledo Bar Association retains the right to reproduce any essays submitted, in whole or in part. Contest is open to all students in northwest Ohio and southeastern Michigan enrolled in grades 7 through 12. For additional information, call Donna Williamson at the Toledo Bar Association at 419-242-9363. Attorney Sarah K. Skow was sworn in as 122nd President of the Toledo Bar Association for the 2022-2023 membership year on Tuesday, June 14, 2022. As partner of Spengler Nathanson, Sarah has a diverse trial and appellate practice, primarily in the areas of complex business litigation, professional malpractice defense, tort litigation, public ... General Information On Filing Grievances With The Toledo Bar Association. The Grievance Committee of the TBA has been authorized by the Supreme Court of Ohio to investigate grievances against lawyers who are either in Lucas County or involved in case in Lucas County. Matters which arise in other counties may be directed to the Office of ...Toledo Bar Association Modest Means Program. The Modest Means Program was created to help those in the community with moderate income find affordable legal assistance. The initial 30 minute in office consultation is $30.00. If you decide to hire the attorney after meeting with them, they will charge $75.00 per hour and can require a … If you are a Toledo Bar member, and you have never logged on to the website, click “Forgot Username or Password” to create your log-in credentials. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact us at [email protected] or 419-242-9363. The Toledo Bar Association, in partnership with Toledo Legal Aid Society, and University of Toledo College of Law, has created a fellowship program for recent law school graduates. The organizations involved identified a critical need to help mentor, guide, and train recently admitted attorneys so that they have the tools and resources to ... Essay submissions are due by 3:30 PM, Friday, March 4, 2022 to the Toledo Bar Association. LEARN MORE. Law Day was established by President Eisenhower in 1958 to honor the law and will be celebrated by bar associations and the legal profession nationwide. The essay contest for students has been an integral part of Law Day … If you are a Toledo Bar member, and you have never logged on to the website, click “Forgot Username or Password” to create your log-in credentials. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact us at [email protected] or 419-242-9363. If you are a Toledo Bar member, and you have never logged on to the website, click “Forgot Username or Password” to create your log-in credentials. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact us at [email protected] or 419-242-9363. The Toledo Bar Association Foundation is the philanthropic arm of the Toledo Bar Association. The TBA Foundation was formed exclusively for charitable and educational purposes with the object of using its resources to: Aid lawyers in need. Gifts and bequests are greatly appreciated and can securely be made online here. For more information ... The TBA invites area students, grades 7 through 12, to participate in the 2023 Toledo Bar Association Caty Armstrong Memorial Law Day Essay Contest. Cash prizes for each division available! Write an essay on the topic: The Cornerstones of Democracy: Civics, Civility and Collaboration. We invite all the people of the United States to join us …By Audrey Blaufuss. February 8, 2024. Julie Hoffman has been practicing law for over 20 years and is a regular participant in the Toledo Bar Association’s Pro Bono Program, … Toledo Bar Association, Toledo, Ohio. 1,458 likes · 6 talking about this · 321 were here. The Toledo Bar Association is a professional organization for attorneys, paralegals, and law students If you are a Toledo Bar member, and you have never logged on to the website, click “Forgot Username or Password” to create your log-in credentials. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact us at [email protected] or 419-242-9363. That you add language to your fee agreements and/or letters of engagement for new clients that in the event of your incapacity or death, the client contact the Toledo Bar Association, 311 N. Superior St., Toledo, OH 43604, (419) 242- 9363, for information regarding the Designated Attorney; and,.